Forest Habitat Types of Montana
PRODUCTIVITY/MANAGEMENT AND SOIL EXCERPTS
[Excerpted from: Pfister, Robert D., Bernard L. Kovalchik, Stephen F. Arno, and Richard C. Presby. 1977. Forest habitat types of Montana. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-34. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest & Range Experiment Station. 174 p.]
APPENDIX D-1: GENERAL SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF MONTANA HABITAT TYPES AND PHASES
(Appendix D-1 was originally contained a large table divided into four printed pages. Those tables have been further divided here to make them more presentable/accessible as web pages.)
Description/Glossary of terms in Appendix D-1
- Pinus flexilis (PIFL) Series, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Pinus flexilis (PIFL) Series, ground surface
- Pinus flexilis (PIFL) Series, upper soil
- Pinus ponderosa (PIPO) Series, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Pinus ponderosa (PIPO) Series, ground surface
- Pinus ponderosa (PIPO) Series, upper soil
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 1, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 1, ground surface
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 1, upper soil
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 2, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 2, ground surface
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 2, upper soil
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 3, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 3, ground surface
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME) Series, set 3, upper soil
- Picea (PICEA) Series, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Picea (PICEA) Series, ground surface
- Picea (PICEA) Series, upper soil
- Abies grandis (ABGR) Series, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Abies grandis (ABGR) Series, ground surface
- Abies grandis (ABGR) Series, upper soil
- Thuja plicata (THPL) and Tsuga heterophylla (TSHE) Series, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Thuja plicata (THPL) and Tsuga heterophylla (TSHE) Series, ground surface
- Thuja plicata (THPL) and Tsuga heterophylla (TSHE) Series, upper soil
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 1, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 1, ground surface
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 1, upper soil
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 2, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 2, ground surface
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 2, upper soil
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 3, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 3, ground surface
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 3, upper soil
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 4, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 4, ground surface
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 4, upper soil
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 5, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 5, ground surface
- Abies lasiocarpa (ABLA) Series, set 5, upper soil
- Pinus contorta (PICO) Series, coarse fragments (in percent occurrence)
- Pinus contorta (PICO) Series, ground surface
- Pinus contorta (PICO) Series, upper soil
Description/Glossary of terms in Appendix D-1
Soils data in the following tables are presented by habitat type and phase in a format similar to that for vegetative data (appendix C). COARSE FRAGMENT TYPES are shown as percentage of stands in which a given rock type was the apparent primary residual parent material. TEXTURAL CLASSES are also shown as percentage of stands having a given soil texture. All other categories of data are presented as mean values.
These appendix data and the individual stand data were used in writing the brief soil descriptions for series, habitat types, and phases. The terminology was based primarily on the USDA Soil Conservation Service (1975) definitions with some modifications. The basis for the adjectives as used in our text is:
- SURFACE ROCK EXPOSED (Includes cobbles, stones, and fixed rock; i.e., material >3 inches)
- little = 0–5 percent
- moderate = 5–15 percent
- considerable = >15 percent
- BARE SOIL EXPOSED (Includes soil and gravel; i.e., material <3 inches)
- little = 0–5 percent
- moderate = 5–15 percent
- considerable = >15 percent
- DUFF DEPTH
- shallow = 0–2 centimeters
- moderate = 2–4 centimeters
- considerable = 4–8+ centimeters
- REACTION
- very acidic = 4.0–5.0 pH
- acidic = 5.0–6.0 pH
- slightly acidic = 6.0–6.7 pH
- neutral = 6.7–7.4 pH
- slightly basic = 7.4–8.2 pH
- GRAVEL CONTENT (Includes all coarse fragments <3 inches regardless of kind or shape)
- nongravelly = 0–20 percent (by weight)
- gravelly = 20–50 percent (by weight)
- very gravelly = >50 percent (by weight)
General soil characteristics (upper 10 cm) of Montana habitat types and phases (n = number of stands)
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