Field Guide to Forest Plants of Northern Idaho

United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Ft. Collins, CO General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-118-CD February 2004 Authors Acknowledgments Introduction Species description   format Trees Shrubs Ferns & Friends Forbs Graminoids Descriptive drawings Collecting and    pressing methods Glossary References

Common Name Scientific Name Trees   alder, red aspen, quaking birch, paper birch, water cottonwood, black Douglas-fir, Rocky Mountain fir, alpine fir, grand fir, red fir, subalpine fir, white hemlock, mountain hemlock, western larch, alpine larch, Lyall larch, subalpine larch, western pine, bull pine, jack pine, ponderosa pine, western white pine, whitebark pine, yellow red cedar, western spruce, Engelmann tamarack yew, Pacific yew, western Trees   Abies grandis Abies lasiocarpa Alnus rubra Betula occidentalis Betula papyrifera Larix lyallii Larix occidentalis Picea engelmannii Pinus albicaulis Pinus contorta Pinus monticola Pinus ponderosa Populus tremuloides Populus trichocarpa Pseudotsuga menziesii Taxus brevifolia Thuja plicata Tsuga heterophylla Tsuga mertensiana Shrubs   alder, Sitka alder, thinleaf azalea, mock bearberry bilberry, dwarf birch, bog birch, swamp bittercherry blueberry, thin-leaf boxwood, myrtle buckthorn buffaloberry cascara ceanothus, evergreen ceanothus, redstem ceanothus, shinyleaf chittam bark chokecherry, common currant, prickly currant, sticky currant, swamp devil's club dogwood, red-osier elderberry elderberry, blue grouseberry hawthorn, black honeysuckle, Utah huckleberry, big huckleberry, blue huckleberry, dwarf huckleberry, fool's huckleberry, globe kinnikinnick Labrador tea maple, Douglas maple, Rocky Mountain mockorange mountain-ash mountain-ash, Sitka mountain-heath, pink mountain-heather, red mountain lover ninebark ocean-spray Oregon grape, creeping Oregon grape, tall pachistima pipsissewa, little pipsissewa, western prince's pine prince's pine, Menzies' rhododendron, white rose, baldhip rose, nootka rose, pearhip rose, wild savory serviceberry snowberry, common snowberry, creeping snowbush soapberry spiraea strawberry bramble syringa thimbleberry, western twinflower whortleberry, grouse willow, scouler wintergreen, Oregon wintergreen, slender wintergreen, western yerba buena Shrubs   Acer glabrum Alnus incana Alnus sinuata Amelanchier alnifolia Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Berberis aquifolium Berberis repens Betula glandulosa Ceanothus sanguineus Ceanothus velutinus Chimaphila menziesii Chimaphila umbellata Cornus stolonifera Crataegus douglasii Gaultheria humifusa Gaultheria ovatifolia Holodiscus discolor Ledum glandulosum Linnaea borealis Lonicera utahensis Menziesia ferruginea Oplopanax horridum Pachistima myrsinites Philadelphus lewisii Phyllodoce empetriformis Physocarpus malvaceus Prunus emarginata Prunus virginiana Rhamnus purshiana Rhamnus alnifolia Rhododendron albiflorum Ribes lacustre Ribes viscosissimum Rosa gymnocarpa Rosa nutkana Rosa woodsii Rubus parviflorus Rubus pedatus Salix scouleriana Sambucus cerulea Sambucus racemosa Satureja douglasii Shepherdia canadensis Sorbus scopulina Sorbus sitchensis Spiraea betulifolia Symphoricarpos albus Symphoricarpos mollis Vaccinium caespitosum Vaccinium globulare Vaccinium membranaceum Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium scoparium Ferns & Friends   bladderfern, brittle club-moss, stiff fern, bracken fern, Christmas fern, grape fern, maidenhair fern, male horsetail, common horsetail, field ladyfern moonwort oak-fern swordfern, western woodsia woodfern, mountain woodfern, spreading Ferns & Friends   Adiantum pedatum Athyrium filix-femina Botrychium virginianum Cystopteris fragilis Dryopteris austriaca Dryopteris filix-mas Equisetum arvense Gymnocarpium dryopteris Lycopodium annotinum L. Polystichum munitum Pteridium aquilinum Woodsia oregana Forbs   anemone angelica, Lyall's angelica, sharptooth alumroot, lava alumroot, roundleaf arnica, broadleaf arnica, heartleaf arnica, mountain aster, showy balsamroot, arrowleaf baneberry beadlily, queen cup beargrass bedstraw, northern bedstraw, sweetscented bellflower, Scotch bittercress, Constance's bluebells, panicle bluebells, tall bride's bonnet bugbane, false buttercup, little cinquefoil cinquefoil, gland cinquefoil, sticky circaea, alpine columbine, red columbine, Sitka columbine, yellow coral root, large coral root, Pacific coral root, spotted cow parsnip daisy, subalpine daisy, wandering dogbane, flytrap dogbane, spreading dogwood, bunchberry everlasting everlasting, pearly fairy-bell, Hooker fairy-bell, Sierra fairy-bell, wartberry fairy slipper false bugbane false hellebore, green false hellebore, American false hellebore, California false mitrewort false Solomon's seal foamflower, coolwort fireweed fleabane, wandering frasera, clustered geranium, sticky purple ginger, wild goatweed golden pea, Montana goldthread, western groundsel, arrowleaf hawkweed, western hawkweed, white-flowered heliotrope, mountain hellebore, American false hellebore, California false hellebore, green false Indian potato Jacob's-ladder kittentails, mountain Klamath weed lady's-thimble licorice-root, Canby's licorice-root, verticillate-umbel lily, glacier lily, pale fawn lomatium, fern-leaved lomatium, nine-leaved lousewort, bracted lousewort, leafy lousewort, sickletop marigold, twinflower marsh marigold, white marsh marsh marigold, twinflower marsh marigold, white meadowrue, Western mitrewort, alpine mitrewort, Brewer's mitrewort, cross-shaped mitrewort, false mitrewort, five-stamened mitrewort, side-flowered monkshood montia, broadleaved nightshade, dwarf enchanter's parsley, desert parsnip, cow pathfinder pearly everlasting peavine, Cusick's phacelia, varileaf phacelia, virgate pinedrops polemonium, skunk-leaved pussy-toes pyrola, alpine rattlesnake-plantain rein-orchid, Alaska blooming Sally sandwort, bigleaf sarsparilla, wild self-heal shooting star, Jeffrey's shooting star, tall mt. sidebells silene, Menzies' sky pilot Solomon's seal, false Solomon-seal, starry St. John's wort, common starflower, western stonecrop, wormleaf strawberry strawberry, woods sweet-cicely, mountain synthyris, evergreen thermopsis, mountain trail-plant trillium, white twayblade, northwestern twayblade, western twisted-stalk valerian, Sitka vetch, American violet, dogtooth violet, hook violet, pioneer violet, round-leaved wake-robin, western windflower wintergreen, common pink wintergreen, one-sided yarrow, common Forbs   Achillea millefolium Aconitum columbianum Actaea rubra Adenocaulon bicolor Anaphalis margaritacea Anemone piperi Angelica arguta Antennaria racemosa Apocynum androsaemifolium Aquilegia formosa Aquilegia flavescens Aralia nudicaulis Arenaria macrophylla Arnica cordifolia Arnica latifolia Asarum caudatum Aster conspicuus Balsamorhiza sagittata Caltha biflora Calypso bulbosa Campanula rotundifolia Cardamine constancei Circaea alpina Clintonia uniflora Coptis occidentalis Corallorhiza maculata Cornus canadensis Disporum hookeri Disporum trachycarpum Dodecatheon jeffreyi Epilobium angustifolium Erigeron peregrinus Erythronium grandiflorum Fragaria vesca Fragaria virginiana Frasera fastigiata Galium boreale Galium triflorum Geranium viscosissimum Goodyera oblongifolia Habenaria unalascensis Heracleum lanatum Heuchera cylindrica Hieracium albertinum Hieracium albiflorum Hypericum perforatum Lathyrus nevadensis Ligusticum canbyi Ligusticum verticillatum Listera caurina Lomatium dissectum Lomatium triternatum Mertensia paniculata Mitella breweri Mitella pentandra Mitella stauropetala Montia cordifolia Osmorhiza chilensis Pedicularis bracteosa Pedicularis racemosa Phacelia heterophylla Polemonium pulcherrimum Potentilla glandulosa Potentilla gracilis Prunella vulgaris Pterospora andromedea Pyrola asarifolia Pyrola secunda Ranunculus uncinatus Sedum stenopetalum Senecio triangularis Silene menziesii Smilacina racemosa Smilacina stellata Streptopus amplexifolius Synthyris missurica Synthyris platycarpa Thalictrum occidentale Thermopsis montana Tiarella trifoliata Trautvetteria caroliniensis Trientalis latifolia Trillium ovatum Valeriana sitchensis Veratrum californicum Veratrum viride Vicia americana Viola adunca Viola glabella Viola orbiculata Xerophyllum tenax Graminoids   Ag spic cheatgrass bluegrass, Kentucky brome, Columbia brome, downy fescue, Idaho fescue, western orchard grass Junegrass oniongrass, Alaska pinegrass reedgrass, bluejoint sedge, elk sedge, northwestern sedge, Ross timothy trisetum, tall wheatgrass, bluebunch wildrye, blue woodreed, drooping woodrush, field woodrush, millet woodrush, smooth Graminoids   Agropyron spicatum Bromus tectorum Bromus vulgaris Calamagrostis canadensis Calamagrostis rubescens Carex concinnoides Carex geyeri Carex rossii Cinna latifolia Dactylis glomerata Elymus glaucus Elytrigia spicata Festuca idahoensis Festuca occidentalis Koeleria nitida Luzula campestris Luzula hitchcockii Luzula parviflora Melica subulata Phleum pratense Poa pratensis Trisetum canescens Keys and Characteristics   Key to Native Trees and Tall Shrubs Shrub characteristics Key to Ferns and Friends Forb characteristics Graminoid characteristics Conspectuses   Betula conspectus Alnus conspectus Ribes conspectus Rosa conspectus Rubus conspectus Vaccinium conspectus Corallorhiza conspectus Liliaceae conspectus Habenaria conspectus Mitella conspectus Pyrola conspectus Viola conspectus Carex conspectus Luzula conspectus